Showing posts with label Episode 11. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Episode 11. Show all posts

75 (U212.100)  —There’s your teas, he said.

Cast 75. Page 212, line 100.

 —There’s your teas, he said.

 Miss Kennedy with manners transposed the teatray down to an upturned lithia crate, safe from eyes, low.

 —What is it? loud boots unmannerly asked.

 —Find out, miss Douce retorted, leaving her spyingpoint.

 —Your beau, is it?

 A haughty bronze replied:

 —I’ll complain to Mrs de Massey on you if I hear any more of your impertinent insolence.

 —Imperthnthn thnthnthn, bootssnout sniffed rudely, as he retreated as she threatened as he had come.


This is from Episode 11. The setting is the bar of the Ormond Hotel. Miss Douce, with her bronze hair, and the fair-haired Miss Kennedy are serving behind the counter.

“Boots” is, in British usage, the hotel servant responsible for polishing guests’ boots and doing odd jobs. The dictionary gives this definition:

Boots: The porter or servant in a hotel who blacks the boots of guests and in some cases attends to the baggage. Formerly called a boot-catcher.
Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia

Since this is a hotel bar, it makes sense that there would be such a servant. He has brought tea to the barmaids.

“Transpose” means “to move” or “to transfer,” but it also has the musical sense of “to transpose into another key.” Episode 11 is full of musical language, and in this short passage too we get words such as transpose, low, and loud, all of which carry musical overtones.

“Lithia” refers to mineral water from Lithia Springs, Georgia. Bottled lithia water was all the rage from the 1880s through the First World War, though apparently it was not actually natural spring water but ordinary water with lithium bicarbonate added.

Lithia water also appeared in Episode 3, where Stephen recalls something his uncle Richie Goulding said.

—Call me Richie. Damn your lithia water. It lowers. Whusky!

(U32.90)




What exactly is the boots asking about when he says, “What is it?”

One possibility is the rose pinned to Miss Douce’s bosom. Immediately after this passage, the word flower appears. And later it becomes clear that Douce is indeed wearing a rose on her black dress, a rose that will be mentioned repeatedly throughout the chapter.

On her flower frowning miss Douce said: 

(U211.133)


—O saints above! miss Douce said, sighed above her jumping rose. 

(U214.181)

Another possibility is the shell. There is a shell placed on the bar counter. Kennedy has apparently been to Rostrevor, a seaside resort in Northern Ireland, perhaps with a lover, and later she lets the solicitor George Lidwell hold the shell to his ear and listen to it.

Miss Douce halfstood to see her skin askance in the barmirror gildedlettered where hock and claret glasses shimmered and in their midst a shell.
(U212.120)

To the end of the bar to him she bore lightly the spiked and winding seahorn that he, George Lidwell, solicitor, might hear.
(U240.923)

If someone says “What’s that?” I rather think it is more likely to be the shell.

“Beau” is French for “beautiful,” but in English it means a lover or boyfriend.

Mrs de Massey appears nowhere else in the novel. She is presumably the woman in charge of employing or supervising the boots.

"Mermaid's Comb" by arbyreed is marked with CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.

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73 (U230.907) Too poetical that about the sad.

 Cast 73. Page 230, line 907.

Too poetical that about the sad. Music did that. Music hath charms. Shakespeare said. Quotations every day in the year. To be or not to be. Wisdom while you wait.

In this blog, I read a random passage from Ulysses based on a generated random number. This time, by sheer chance, I landed on exactly the same passage as in Cast 43, so I will pass on it here.

"Shakespeare & Co Bookshop" by 'freedom' koan-sin tan is marked with CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.

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52 (U215.212)

 —Well now, he mused, whatever you say yourself. 


52nd cast. page 215, line 212.

 

—Well now, he mused, whatever you say yourself. I think I’ll trouble you for some fresh water and a half glass of whisky.

 

 Jingle.

 

 —With the greatest alacrity, miss Douce agreed.

 

 With grace of alacrity towards the mirror gilt Cantrell and Cochrane’s she turned herself. With grace she tapped a measure of gold whisky from her crystal keg. Forth from the skirt of his coat Mr Dedalus brought pouch and pipe. Alacrity she served. He blew through the flue two husky fifenotes.

 

 

Episode 12. Bar at the Ormond Hotel. Shortly before four in the afternoon. Simon Dedalus, the father of the main character Stephen, has just entered and is ordering a drink from Miss Douce, one of the barmaids.

 

"Cantrell & Cochrane Ginger Ale 1922" by Nesster is licensed under CC BY 2.0


Episode 12 is written in musical language. The following words are associated with music.


muse -  Muses are the nine goddesses of literature, science, and the arts.

tap - the sound of hitting something lightly.

measure - Major key

pipe/blew - blowing of the pipe is associated with the instrument. 

flue - the lip of the organ pipe. Also associated with the flute.

husky - husky voice. 

fife of fifenotes - transverse flute of a military band

 


And Jingle.

 

Jingle has the following connotations.

 

  1. Tinkling, ringing, bell-like sounds.

  2. A type of covered wagon used in Cork City, Ireland, in the 19th and early 20th centuries. This had not occurred to me until I looked it up in the dictionary this time.
    The novel's other main character, Mr Bloom, also dines at Ormond's restaurant. His wife's lover, Boylan, is now on his way to the hotel in a carriage and describes the sound of the carriage. Cork is Simon's home town. Note that the carriage in which Boylan is riding is not a covered carriage.

  3. The bed fittings in Mr Bloom's house ring with jingle. Episode 4, passage.

    "No. She didn't want anything. he heard then a warm heavy sigh, softer, as she turned over and the loose brass quoits of the bedstead jingled."  (U46.59)

    It is implied that Boylan plans to stop here in Ormond before going to the Bloom family.

 

Cantrell Cochrane is a beverage manufacturer.

 

There is a mirror in the bar advertising the company, with the words 'ginger ale' written in gold. 

His spellbound eyes went after, after her gliding head as it went down the bar by mirrors, gilded arch for ginger ale, hock and claret glasses shimmering, a spiky shell, where it concerted, mirrored, bronze with sunnier bronze (U219.410)

(”His” is "Boylan's").

 

It would be a mirror like this. It doesn't say ginger ale, though.

 


Ginger ale was invented by Thomas Cantrell (1827-1909), a Dublin-born apothecary and surgeon. In 1852, he set up his own business and started a drinks business in Belfast. In 1868, Cantrell was working with Henry Cochrane (1836 - 1904) in Dublin and merged their businesses to form Cantrell & Cochrane Limited (now known as C&C Group plc), a manufacturer and distributor of alcoholic beverages, cider and soft drinks.

 

 In Episode 5, Mr Bloom noticed an advertisement for Cantrell & Cochrane on a street corner. He is interested because his profession is advertisement taking.

Mr Bloom stood at the corner, his eyes wandering over the multicoloured hoardings of Cantrell and Cochrane's Ginger Ale ( Aromatic).  (U62.193)

 

He then recalls the company's Ginger Ale afterwards.

The priest was rinsing out the chalice: then he tossed off the dregs smartly. Wine. Makes it more aristocratic than for example if he drank What they are used to Guinness's porter or some temperance beverage Wheatley's Dublin hop bitters or Cantrell and Cochrane 's ginger ale (aromatic).  (U67.389)


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43 (U230.907)

 Too poetical that about the sad.


43rd cast. page 230, line 907.

 

 Too poetical that about the sad. Music did that. Music hath charms. Shakespeare said. Quotations every day in the year. To be or not to be. Wisdom while you wait. 

 In Gerard’s rosery of Fetter lane he walks, greyedauburn. One life is all. One body. Do. But do.

 

 Here is a very interesting passage.

 

Episode 11. Around 4:00 PM. While dining at the Ormond Hotel, Mr. Bloom has just finished writing a letter to Martha, his secret correspondent.

 

He wrote in the P.P.S. of Martha's letter, "I feel so sad today."

 

P. P. S. La la la ree. I feel so sad today. La ree. So lonely. Dee.

(U230.894)

 

In the hotel lounge, Simon sang "Mappari" from Floteau's opera Maltha, and perhaps Mr. Cowley improvised on the piano in a minor key.

 

Mr. Bloom is sad because he knows that lover of his wife Molly, Boylan, is now on her way to Bloom's house.

 

“Music hath charms”, according to Gifford's notes, is not from Shakespeare, but from the tragedy The Mourning Bride (1697), Act 1, Scene 1, by English playwright William Congreve (1670 - 1729).

 

Music has Charms to sooth a savage Breast,

To soften Rocks, or bend a knotted Oak.

 

This is one of the famous phrases that the world often mistakes for Shakespeare's.
It is also often mistaken for "Music hath Charms to sooth a savage Beast."

But what was on Mr. Bloom's mind may have been a line from Shakespeare.
From Act IV, Scene 1 of Measure for Measure (1603-1604).


Tis good; though music oft hath such a charm

To make bad good, and good provoke to harm.”

 

 "Quotations every day in the year" is a diary with quotations.

 

Shakespeare birthday book (1883) or books like this. Mr. Bloom is familiar with Shakespeare's dialogues through such books.

 

“To be or not to be” is, of course, the most famous line from Hamlet. Mr. Bloom compared himself to the anguished Hamlet.

 

"Wisdom while you wait". I searched and found a book with that title (published in 1902). Not sure if this is the book, but Mr. Bloom thinks of a book with trivia and quotes.


“While you wait”, as the title of the book, means "immediately," but I think it also overlaps with Hamlet's "waiting" for an opportunity to avenge his father's murder, despite his madness, and Mr. Bloom's sitting and "waiting" for Boylan to go visit Molly.


Incidentally, Mr. Bloom is the kind of person who reads Shakespeare in search of solutions to life's problems. (U554.385)

 

The second paragraph is astonishing, as it is almost identical to Stephen's thoughts in Episode 9, in the library.

 

Do and do. Thing done. In a rosery of Fetter lane of Gerard, herbalist, he walks, greyedauburn. An azured harebell like her veins. Lids of Juno’s eyes, violets. He walks. One life is all. One body. Do. But do. Afar, in a reek of lust and squalor, hands are laid on whiteness.

(U166.651-)

 

 A passage in which Stephen fantasizes about Shakespeare walking through the rose garden of John Gerard (1545-1612) in Fetter Alley, London. Gerard was a botanist who had a large herb garden in London.

 

How can this be understood?

 

There are two possibilities.

 

One interpretation is that Stephen's thoughts are interjected here.

 

Episode 10 and 11 use the technique of abruptly interrupting the main story with scenes from other places, like insert cuts in a movie.

 

Stephen also mentions in Episode16 that John Dowland (1563 - 1626), a composer of Shakespeare's time, lived in Gerard's neighborhood on Fetter Alley.

 

Stephen, in reply to a politely put query, said he didn’t sing it but launched out into praises of Shakespeare’s songs, at least of in or about that period, the lutenist Dowland who lived in Fetter lane near Gerard the herbalist,・・・

(U540.1763)

 

It is very natural to assume that this is Stephen's thinking.

 

The second interpretation is that this is still Mr. Bloom's thinking here.

 

Immediately after this passage, Mr. Bloom mumbles, "Done anyhow”. This is connected to the immediately preceding "Do. But do“.

 

Mr. Bloom now thought the same thing as Stephen.This seems odd at first glance, but I suppose it is possible.The night before this day, Stephen and Mr. Bloom had the same dream.

 

Stephen's dream. Somewhere in a Middle Eastern brothel town, a man offers Steven a melon.

 

After he woke me last night same dream or was it? Wait. Open hallway. Street of harlots. Remember. Haroun al Raschid. I am almosting it. That man led me, spoke. I was not afraid. The melon he had he held against my face. Smiled: creamfruit smell. That was the rule, said. In. Come. Red carpet spread. You will see who.
(U39.363-)

 

Mr. Bloom's dream. Molly is wearing Turkish trousers and slippers.

 

Dreamt last night? Wait. Something confused. She had red slippers on. Turkish. Wore the breeches. Suppose she does? Would I like her in pyjamas? Damned hard to answer.

 (U311.1240-)

 

Mr. Bloom and Stephen are consubstantial father and son in the world created by Joyce. Their consciousnesses communicate in the depths.


To me, the latter interpretation is more interesting.


Barnard's Inn

Gerard's Rose Garden was said to have been located near Barnard's Inn Barnard's Inn between Chancery Lane and Fetter Lane. Barnard's Inn is a  Inn of Chancery dating back to the 13th century.


"Barnard's Inn - Gresham College - High Holborn, City of London" by ell brown is licensed under CC BY 2.0


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38 (U227.752)

 —To me!

 

38th cast. page 227, line 752.

 

—To me! 

 Siopold! 

 Consumed. 

 Come. Well sung. All clapped. She ought to. Come. To me, to him, to her, you too, me, us.

 

Episode 11, a little after the 18th issue of the blog.

 

Mr. Bloom is dining at the Ormond Hotel restaurant. Simon's song and Mr. Bloom's thoughts.

 

Stephen's father Simon sings M'appari from the opera Martha (1847) by German composer Friedrich von Flotow.

 

The title M'appari is taken from the Italian translation of this song. Queen Anne's maid, Harriet, and her maid of honor, Nancy, disguise themselves as country girls Martha and Julia and become servants on a farm. Lyonel, the farmer's younger brother, is attracted to Martha and asks her to marry him, but she is secretly taken back to the court. Lyonel cannot forget Martha and sings.

 

Simon sings the lyrics of Charles Jeffries' English translation.

 

“come to me!" is the last part of the lyrics.

 

 Lyonel sings to Marta to come home.

 

Simon may be thinking of his late wife.And Mr. Bloom is thinking of his wife, Molly, who is with Boylan.

 

Simon and Mr. Bloom unite to become Siopold. This is quite understandable in light of what I have thought about in the 30th issue of this blog. Simon, the real father of the main character Stephen, is united with Leopold, the father on the novel theory. The union of Joseph, the father of Christ, and God.

 

"To her."  Who is referred?  

Martha in the opera?  Mattha, Mr. Bloom's correspondent?

 

When first I saw that form endearing,

Sorrow from me seem’d to depart:

Each graceful look, each word so cheering,

Charm’d my eye and won my heart.

 

Full of hope, and all delighted,

None could feel more blest than I;

All on earth I then could wish for,

Was near her to live and die:

 

But alas! ’twas idle dreaming,

And the dream too soon hath flown;

Not one ray of hope is gleaming;

I am lost, yes I am lost, for she is gone.

 

When first I saw that form endearing,

Sorrow from me seem’d to depart:

Each graceful look, each word so cheering,

Charm’d my eye and won my heart.

 

Martha, Martha, I am sighing,

I am weeping still for thee;

Come thou lost one, come though dear one,

Thou alone can’st comfort me:

 

Ah! Martha return! Come to me.

 

M’appari  translated into English by Charles Jefferys

 


Friedrich von Flotow

File:Flotow part.jpg - Wikimedia Commons


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22 (U151.26)

Smile. Smile Cranly’s smile.

22nd cast. page 151, line 26.


Smile. Smile Cranly’s smile. 

   First he tickled her

   Then he patted her

   Then he passed the female catheter

   For he was a medical 

   Jolly old medi...

 

The first part of Episode 9. Stephen discusses Shakespeare at the National Library with Eglinton and others.

 

This song is according to Gifford's annotations (Ulysses Annotated: Notes for James Joyce's Ulysses. Don Gifford and Robert J. Seidman. University of California Press. 1988) is a part of Oliver St. John Gogarty's playful song "Song of Medical Dick and Medical Davy". As far as I can find, the following passage (U172.908) seems to be the same, but I cannot find the passage mentioned above. It might be Joyce's creation.

 

   Then outspoke medical Dick

   To his comrade medical Davy...

 

Gogarty is the model for Mulligan, Stephen's roommate and a medical student.

 

Just before this, when Eglinton teased Stephen about whether he had found six medical students to dictate his creation for him, he thought of a playful song about medical students.

 

The first line, "smile," is a noun or a verb. It's  a verb, I guess.

 

The repetition of “smile”。Footnote of “her”, “her” and “catheter”.

 

Who is Cranley?

 

He is a friend of Stephen from his University College days, who appears in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, which describes the period preceding Ulysses. Cranley is based on John Francis Byrne (1880-1960), who was Joyce's closest friend. 


I'm not sure why Cranley is mentioned here.

 

I traced Cranley's appearance in A Portrait. Cranley is smiling in two scenes. "He just listened to me in silence," he smiles like a priest. I think Stephen was trying to catch Eglinton's teasing with Cranly's smile.

 

One more thing. As a biographical fact, Joyce became friends with Gogarty in late 1902, at a time when he and Byrne had fallen out. (James Joyce,1959) He may have associated Gogarty with the smile of Byrne (Cranley).

 

John Francis Byrne

Photograph of Mr. John Francis Byrne ('Cranly'). is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

To use for commercial purposes, please contact the UCD Digital Library See: http://digital.ucd.ie/terms/

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19 (U222.560)

Well, of course that’s what gives him the base barreltone.


19th cast. page 222, line 560.


Well, of course that’s what gives him the base barreltone. For instance eunuchs. Wonder who’s playing. Nice touch. Must be Cowley. Musical. Knows whatever note you play. Bad breath he has, poor chap. Stopped.

 

By chance, for the third time in succession, a close place was chosen. In the saloon of the Ormond Hotel, the big Ben Dollard singing, accompanied on the piano by father Cowley. The tune is "Love and War" by Thomas Simpson Cooke. Mr. Broom listens to it in the restaurant next door.

 

In 1894, Ben Dollard, who was singing at a charity concert at the Glencree Reformatory, had no formal dress, so he went to the Bloom family, who at that time had a second-hand clothes shop and a costume rental business, and borrowed a tailsuit. (U222.554) ,(U220.474) and (U636.1285)

 

The trousers were so tight that the bulge in the crotch could be clearly seen. So. Mr. Bloom alludes to the castrated singer.

 

He again thinks: "Good voice he has still. Good voice he has still. No eunuch yet with all his belongings." (U233.1027)

 

“The base barreltone” is a cross between a draught-like barrel(Dollard’s big body) and a bass-baritone. The red triangular beer brand "Bass" is also used.

 

I don't understand the meaning of “bad breath”.

 

“Poor”, because father Cowley is in debt to a Jewish moneylender, Reuben, and has fallen on hard times. (U200.890)

 

Episode 11 is written in music-like language: “Stop” is from an organ stop (sound plug).


Farinelli, a famous Italian castrato singer 

"Portrait de Farinelli par Bartolomeo Nazari (Grand Palais, Paris)" by dalbera is licensed under CC BY 2.0

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18 (U225.699)

 If he doesn’t break down.

A passage very close to my last blog has been chosen: page 225, line 699.

 

If he doesn’t break down. Keep a trot for the avenue. His hands and feet sing too. Drink. Nerves overstrung. Must be abstemious to sing. Jenny Lind soup: stock, sage, raw eggs, half pint of cream. For creamy dreamy.

 

 Episode 11, At the Ormond Hotel. Mr. Bloom is eating in the restaurant.

 

Stephen's father, Simon finally sings, encouraged by father Cowley, who plays the piano. English translation of "M' apparì"  from the opera "Martha" (1847) by the German composer Friedrich von Flotow.

 

The song by Lionel, a farmer, who cannot forget Harriet, a maid of honor to Queen Anne, who has been disguised as a maidservant. She goes by the false name of Martha.

 

Mr Bloom has a secret correspondence with a woman he has never met under the false name of Henry Flower. It is a coincidence that her name is Martha. Martha is probably also an alias. I fancy that his correspondent may not even be a woman.

 

“Keep a trot for the avenue” is a reference to Simon's singing. Mr. Bloom knows that Boylan, his wife's lover, is on his way to the Blooms' house in a carriage, and there may be an allusion to this.

 

The word “overstrung” refers to the strings of a musical instrument. In correspondence with The Odyssey, it reminds us of the strings of Odysseus' bow.

 

He thinks that “his hands and feet sing”, but this is imaginary, as Simon is out of sight of Mr. Bloom due to his position.

 

Jenny Lind is Johanna Maria Lind (1820 - 1887), a Swedish opera singer.She was the singer who toured America with the showman P.T. Barnum in the musical film The Greatest Showman (2017).

 

She was one of the most famous singers of the 19th century. Many things were named after her. The soup that she drank for her throat was called Jenny Lind Soup.

 

From what I can gather, the recipe calls for sago, not sage. Sago is a starch from the sago palm. 

 

The fact that Mr. Bloom recalls the recipe suggests that he once made the soup for his wife, the singer Molly. Mistaking sago for sage. Is this Mr. Bloom's fault, or Joyce's fault, or a mistake in editing the manuscript?

 

Boylan, Molly's lover, is a showman. There are echoes of Lind and Barnum here.

Jenny Lind

"Eduard Magnus - Portrait of Singer Jenny Lind" by irinaraquel is licensed under CC BY 2.0

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17 (U224.632)

Richie cocked his lips apout. 

 17th cast. page 224, line 632.

  Richie cocked his lips apout. A low incipient note sweet banshee murmured: all. A thrush. A throstle. His breath, birdsweet, good teeth he’s proud of, fluted with plaintive woe. Is lost. Rich sound. Two notes in one there. Blackbird I heard in the hawthorn valley.


Episode 11. It's about four o'clock in the afternoon, and Mr. Bloom is having dinner with Stephen's uncle, Richie Goulding, in the restaurant of the Ormond Hotel. In the hotel saloon Stephen's father, Simon is playing the piano.


Episode 11 is written in a music style.


 “all … Is lost”,  title of the song, Simon is playing.


Alliterations of “Richie” – “Rich” and “A thrush” –“ A throstle”.


The repetition of “sweet”, “note” and “bird”


Needless to say, most of the text is written with words related to sound and music.


At the beginning of Episode 11, the motif of this episode is compressed and presented as an overture.


“Lost. Throstle fluted. All is lost now.” (U210.22)


This line corresponds to above passage.


Simon is playing "All is lost" from Vincenzo Bellini's opera "La sonnambula" (The Sleepwalker, 1831). Elvino suspects that his lover Amina is having an affair with the Count, and laments that his love is lost. This echoes Mr. Bloom's feelings who knows that Boylan is now on his way to his wife, Molly.

 

Father Cowley encourages Simon to sing, but he refuses and plays the piano. Richey Goulding whistles along with the song.

 

"Sleepwalking" is one of the key words in Ulysses, featuring urban promenading. It appears in (U375.950) (U496.4926) (U567.849) (U568.854) and (U570.929).

Sleepwalking is believed to be a disease in Mr. Bloom's family.

 

In Episode 6, Mr. Bloom compares the voice of his wife to that of "a thrush, a throstle". His wife Molly is a singer. (U77.240)



In Episode 1, Mulligan's singing voice was described as "birdsweet cries". (U16.602)

 

"Hawthorn" is a shrub with white flowers in the spring and red or yellow fruit in the fall. Its connotations include;

 

  1. In the Celtic calendar, it is the tutelary tree of June. The current date in Ulysses is June 16.
  2. In ancient beliefs, it is a symbol of fertility and prosperity.
  3. The branches have sharp thorns, and it is said that Christ's crown was made of hawthorn.
  4. It is said to have the power to ward off evil.
  5. The language of flowers is "hope”.
  6. Also called Mayflower, hawthorn was painted on the Mayflower (1620) that sailed to America.
  7. Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) was the author of The Scarlet Letter, a novel about adultery in 17th century Puritan society in Boston.

 

I can't tell from the text when Mr. Bloom heard the blackbird in the valley of the hawthorn, but based on the inclusion above, it must have been when he was with Molly.

 

And speaking of hawthorn, I can' t help but think of Proust. The narrator as a boy meets Gilbert in the hedge of the Swan’s house.

 

“And already the charm with which her name, like a cloud of incense, had filled that archway in the pink hawthorn through which she and I had, together, heard its sound, was beginning to conquer, to cover, to embalm, to beautify everything with which it had any association:…“ 

     Marcel Proust, Swann's Way (Remembrance Of Things Past, Volume one), translated by C. K. Scott Moncrieff


I fancy that Joyce's reference to hawthorn with the phrase "all is lost" may be a reference to "Swann’s Way" published in 1913.


Blackbird in hawthorn

"Blackbird in hawthorn" by Roger Bunting is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

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